Context: Bharat Innovates Exposition is being held at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, alongside the 18th BRICS Summit, showcasing 37 Indian deep-tech innovations.Key InnovationsAI-enabled cervical cancer screeningFloating solar photovoltaic (PV)Marine ro...

Context: Anthropic reported blocking attempts to misuse its Artificial Intelligence (AI) models for cyberattacks, surveillance and biological-weapons-related research.The company has introduced stronger safeguards against potentially dangerous biolog...

Context: The European Commission has forwarded the India–EU Free Trade Agreement (FTA) text to the European Council for approval to sign and conclude the agreement.Legal vetting and finalisation of the text are complete; internal EU approvals remain....

Context: Biotech Conclave 2026, held in Chennai, discussed emerging applications of biotechnology, biomedical research, drug discovery and healthcare technologies.Precision Medicine: Tailors disease prevention and treatment to individual variations,...

Context: BRICS Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors (FMCBG) expressed concern over unilateral tariffs and non-tariff measures that distort trade and called for a rules-based multilateral trading system with the World Trade Organization (WTO)...

Context: Prime Minister Narendra Modi is scheduled to meet Chinese President Xi Jinping to improve trade, people-to-people ties and border stability.Xi Jinping’s proposed visit would be his first visit to New Delhi since 2014.Border IssuesLine of Act...

Context: An Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-led genome-wide study suggests Indian women may have a genetic predisposition to endometriosis, highlighting the need for earlier diagnosis and treatment.Endometriosis: A chronic condition in whic...

Context: Recent Supreme Court and Allahabad High Court interventions protected students’ right to protest against alleged exam and workers’ issues while checking arbitrary use of executive powers.Freedom of speech and expression: Article 19(1)(a) gua...

Context: At the International Space Summit in Paris, India highlighted its expanding space cooperation with France and called for global partnerships for sustainable and peaceful use of outer space.India–France space cooperation: Began with French co...

Context: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) introduced a special swap facility to encourage Foreign Currency Non-Resident (Bank) [FCNR(B)] deposits and strengthen India’s foreign-exchange reserves amid rupee pressure.FCNR(B) deposits: Foreign-currency-d...

Context: The Union Government is consulting farmers on a new Seeds Bill to replace the Seeds Act, 1966, citing changing agricultural practices and concerns over fake/substandard seeds.Seeds Act, 1966: Existing legislation regulating the quality of ce...

Context: The Supreme Court asked the Union Government to reconsider reducing the qualifying percentile for National Eligibility-cum-Entrance Test–Super Specialty (NEET-SS) after many super-specialty seats remained vacant.NEET-SS: Entrance examination...

Context: The Union Cabinet approved 8 multitracking projects covering 1,196 km, costing ₹20,804 crore, to decongest heavily utilised railway routes.High-Density Network (HDN): Railway routes where passenger and freight train movement exceeds capacity...

Context: During Defence Minister Rajnath Singh’s Sri Lanka visit, India and Sri Lanka signed defence-sector Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs).First Indian Defence Minister’s visit: Rajnath Singh’s visit is the first by an Indian Defence Minister to S...

Context: Despite geopolitical conflicts and energy-price shocks, global economic activity remains strong, driven particularly by artificial intelligence (AI) investment and corporate spending.Global growth: Global Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth...

Context: A study suggests that ultra-heavy dark matter captured by dense stellar remnants could collapse into tiny black holes and eventually destroy their host stars.Dark matter: Invisible matter inferred mainly from its gravitational effects; unlik...

Context: The Centre has opposed treating English as an indigenous/native language under the three-language framework and is considering relief for the current Class 6 batch.Three-language framework: Envisages learning mother tongue/regional language...

Context: Tehran-Backed Houthis Accuse Riyadh Of Launching Airstrikes On YemenKhamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia – Houthi drones and missiles reportedly targeted a Saudi airbase here.Abha, Saudi Arabia – Houthi forces targeted facilities of Saudi Aramco; an...

Context: India’s first genome-wide study of endometriosis found genetic signals associated with the disease in Indian women, highlighting the need for South Asian population-specific genetic research.Endometriosis: Condition in which endometrium-like...

Context: Five juvenile orangutans were rescued from a forest in Balasore, Odisha, raising suspicion of an international wildlife-smuggling network because orangutans are not native to India.Orangutans: Asia’s only great apes and among the largest arb...

Context: Australia is proposing Digital Duty of Care rules to give users greater control over algorithmic feeds and strengthen protection of children from harmful online content.User empowerment tools: Platforms would have to let users 16+ choose whe...

Context: The commissioning of the final sections of the Western Dedicated Freight Corridor (WDFC) has completed India’s 2,843-km operational DFC network, comprising the WDFC and Eastern DFC (EDFC).WDFC:JNPT (Maharashtra)–Dadri (Uttar Pradesh), 1,506...

Context: Meta has launched Muse, an AI agent designed to autonomously perform tasks across a user’s apps, raising concerns over AI autonomy, privacy and access to sensitive data.Muse: Meta’s personal AI assistant/agent capable of performing tasks suc...

Context: Rising temperatures are accelerating glacier retreat on the Tibetan Plateau, increasing the number and size of glacial lakes and consequently the risk of Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs), landslides and downstream flooding.Tibetan/Qingha...

Context: Foreign Currency Non-Resident (Bank) [FCNR(B)] deposits have become a cheaper funding source for Indian banks because current FCNR(B) interest rates are lower than conventional rupee deposit rates, while foreign-exchange (FX) risk is borne b...

Context: The U.K. has recognised India’s Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS) for carbon-price relief under its Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), potentially lowering the carbon-related burden on Indian exporters.CCTS: India’s market-based me...

Context: The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) has flagged the growing use of technology and virtual assets to modernise traditional hawala networks, increasing risks of money laundering and terror financing.Digital hawala: Technology-enabled hawala...

Context: A UN world map (July 2026), discussed under the UNGA’s “Correct the Map” resolution, depicted Arunachal Pradesh and Aksai Chin between Indian and Chinese claim lines, drawing India’s objection.Arunachal Pradesh: Map shows its northern bounda...

Context: 128 countries agreed on a text defining Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS), potentially paving the way for negotiations on an international treaty regulating “killer robots”.LAWS: Weapons capable of selecting targets and applying force...

Context: India voted for a United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) resolution seeking a more accurate and equitable representation of global landmasses, particularly Africa.Resolution:“Correct the Map: Rebalancing Global Cartographic Representation an...

Context: Thermal power plants face a coal-management dilemma as emergency redistribution may penalise plants that maintain adequate stocks.CEA coal-stock norms: Revised plant-specific stocking norms came into force on 6 December 2021 to strengthen fu...

Context: Supreme Court urged States to raise the retirement age of district judicial officers from 60 to 62 years amid 5.18 crore pending district-court cases.SC rationale: Retaining experienced judicial officers can address judicial vacancies, recru...

Context: India has resumed Cell Broadcasting Service (CBS) for targeted emergency alerts during extreme weather and natural disasters.Developed by: Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT); operated by State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs...

Context: ISRO successfully launched EOS-05 aboard GSLV-F17, India’s first dedicated imaging satellite intended to operate from geosynchronous orbit.Launch vehicle: GSLV-F17; 19th GSLV mission and 107th launch from Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC), S...

Context: JCR upgraded India’s sovereign credit rating by one notch, citing high economic growth and strengthening economic and financial fundamentals.Rating:BBB+ → A-.Key reasons: ~7% economic growth, robust private consumption, public investment and...

Context: All-India average onion price rose to ₹49.59/kg on 1 September 2026, up over 74% year-on-year, despite adequate estimated production.Production 2025–26: 307.37 lakh tonnes, almost unchanged from 307.67 lakh tonnes in 2024–25; domestic supply...

Context: The 1996 Ganga Water Treaty between India and Bangladesh is due to expire on 31 December 2026; Bihar has raised concerns over its impact on water availability and siltation.Treaty: Signed in 1996 between India and Bangladesh for sharing the...

Context: UNEP’s Limiting Overshoot report projects that the 1.5°C warming limit will likely be temporarily breached in the coming years and outlines a pathway to return below it by 2100.Paris Agreement (2015): Seeks to limit global average temperatur...

Context: Delhi High Court held that pregnancy or maternity leave cannot result in demotion, loss of status or denial of career progression, directing HashiCorp to pay ₹10 lakh compensation to an employee.A woman returning from maternity leave is ordi...

Context: Japan has eased enforcement of overtime limits to address a severe labour shortage and support economic growth, effective September 2026.Around 40% of Japanese businesses operate under labour-management agreements permitting up to 100 hours...

Context:Unified Payments Interface (UPI) processed a record 24.51 billion transactions worth ₹29.82 lakh crore in August 2026, according to the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI).Annual growth: Transaction volume rose 22% and value rose 20...

Context: India’s Current Account Deficit (CAD) widened to $4.2 billion (0.5% of GDP) in Q1 FY27, from $3.4 billion (0.4%) a year earlier, according to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).Merchandise trade deficit increased sharply to $86.1 billion from $...

Place:Ceuta is a Spanish autonomous city located on the northern coast of Africa, bordering Morocco. It is one of the EU’s two land borders with Africa (the other is Melilla).Context: In July, more than 72,000 migrants attempted to cross from Morocco...

Context:Tata Advanced Systems Ltd (TASL) and the Javelin Joint Venture (JJV) signed an MoU to co-produce Javelin anti-tank guided missiles in India.JJV: Joint venture of Lockheed Martin and Raytheon (US); has produced 55,000+ Javelin missiles and 12,...

Context:INS Nipun commissioned at Mumbai to strengthen the Indian Navy’s underwater, deep-sea diving and submarine-rescue capabilities.Type:2nd Diving Support Vessel (DSV) of the Nistar Class; built by Hindustan Shipyard Ltd., Visakhapatnam.Key capab...

Context: India rejected a Court of Arbitration (CoA), Hague ruling that its decision to keep the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT), 1960 in abeyance was impermissible.India’s stand: India says the CoA is illegally constituted, has no jurisdiction, and India...

Context:Tommy Koh (Singapore), Bo Kyi (Myanmar) and Runa Khan (Bangladesh) won the 2026 Ramon Magsaysay Awards, Asia’s major award for selfless public service.Tommy Koh: Singaporean lawyer-diplomat; chaired the 1982 UN Conference on the Law of the Se...

Context: Supreme Court Collegium recommended Justice Sanjay K. Agrawal (Chhattisgarh HC) as the next Chief Justice of Rajasthan High Court.Collegium is headed by CJI Surya Kant and recommends appointments/transfers of High Court judges and Chief Just...

Context: In Mann Ki Baat, PM Modi highlighted drug-abuse prevention, women’s financial empowerment and girls’ participation in space technology.PM SVANidhi: Central scheme providing collateral-free working-capital loans to urban street vendors/hawker...

Context: India and Uzbekistan upgraded ties to a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership, with cooperation expanding to uranium, critical minerals, defence, connectivity and digital payments.Trade target: $5 billion/year by 2030; current trade >$1 bil...

Context: Civil rights groups held the “Defend the Vote” rally in Washington ahead of the U.S. midterm elections, opposing proposed voting restrictions and Republican-led redistricting.Prelims FactsRally held at the Lincoln Memorial/National Mall, exa...

Context: India and Canada reaffirmed their commitment to conclude Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) negotiations by end-2026 after the first India-Canada Finance Ministers’ Economic and Financial Dialogue in Toronto.Prelims FactsCEP...

Context: India signed a Letter of Offer and Acceptance (LOA) with the U.S. to procure Javelin anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) systems through the U.S. Foreign Military Sales (FMS) route.Prelims FactsJavelin:Medium-range, anti-tank guided missile used...

Context: The Defence Ministry has simplified defence export and licensing procedures to enable Indian defence manufacturers to access international markets faster.Prelims FactsDefence Export SOP: For non-lethal defence items, stakeholder consultation...

Context: India rejected allegations by a UN committee regarding discrimination and human-rights violations against certain communities.●Committee: UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD)—a treaty body that monitors implementat...

Context: The Union Home Ministry plans integrated command-and-control centres using technology to strengthen security along India’s land borders; a pilot will begin on the Pakistan border.●Smart Border: Integrates Artificial Intelligence (AI), sensor...

Context: The proposed Kukrail Night Safari & Zoological Park, Lucknow faces a demand for fresh appraisal/approvals after changes to the original project proposal.●Location: Kukrail Forest, northeastern Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh; proposed area 855.07...

Context: After the 25th round of India–China Special Representatives (SR) talks in Beijing, both sides agreed on measures to improve boundary delimitation and border management.●Boundary delimitation: Expert Group on Boundary Delimitation + Working G...